Parts of the Starndard Radial Tire

  1. Grooves:
    Channels for water evacuation between tread and road surface.
  2. Ribs:
    Circumferential bands of tread rubber between grooves for continuous road contact and traction, may be enhanced with sipes.
  3. Tread:
    Contact area with road surface using various compound strategies like maximizing grip or mileage.
  4. Shoulder:
    Transition element between tread and sidewall for traction during cornering and maneuvering.
  5. Belts:
    Woven steel cord mesh for rigidity of tread rubber to reduce tread squirm and increase tread life.
  6. Undertread:
    Compounded for high heat resistance to increase high-speed durability and sometimes fuel economy.
  7. Inner Liner:
    Special rubber compound highly impervious to air migration for maintaining air pressure without leaking.
  8. Body Plies:
    Either fabric cord (passenger and light truck tires) or steel cord (mainly truck tires) for structural strength of air chamber.
  9. Bead Cable:
    Rigid cable serving as an anchor around which body plies are wrapped and which secures tire to rim flange area.
  10. Bead Apex/Filler:
    Special hard rubber compound extending up into sidewall to increase flexing around bead cable and enhance stiffness of lower sidewall for improved handling.
  11. Bead Chafer:
    Layer of fabric material protecting bead area from rim chafing and mounting damage.
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